Our preceding article explained, in brief, the key differences between commonly discussed parenting styles. Today, we look at one of them, Authoritative Parenting, in much more detail. It’s a style that’s generally well thought of amongst researchers and developmental psychologists, as well as many parents who’ve used the approach. Indeed it is a style that’s often recommended because of the way it balances empathetic nurturing with the application of rules. While it’s important to remember that there is no single ‘best’ parenting style for every situation, authoritative parenting does seem to result in very good outcomes and is thought by many to be the ‘gold standard’ for children and teens. Let’s take a deeper dive.
It’s important not to confuse authoritative parenting with authoritarian parenting. Despite the similar names, the two styles could not be more different. See our Rough Guide to Parenting Styles for a quick overview of the differences.
The Origins of Authoritative Parenting
The Authoritative Parenting model was originally developed at the University of California in 1966 by Diana Baumrind. That said, it has evolved over the decades since, with backing from developmental research. It’s a style that seems to work well for children of all ages as well as teenagers.
Exactly What is Authoritative Parenting?
The authoritative parenting style uses an age-appropriate — and finely-tuned — balance between responsiveness (towards children) and demandingness (from children).
The Responsiveness Element
The responsiveness element of authoritative parenting refers to the high levels of warmth, empathy, love, and understanding shown to the child by the parent. Authoritative parents are deeply attuned to their children’s feelings, needs, abilities, and perspectives. They gauge such things and weigh up the balance at any given time. Only then do they respond, in a way they feel is most appropriate, having borne the bigger picture in mind.
The Demandingness Element
The demandingness element of authoritative parenting refers to the level of control over and desired expectation from their child. Standards and boundaries are enforced but in a very measured, kind, and thoughtful way. Authoritative parents use a two-way communication approach to makes clear what’s expected from their children. They will discuss and explain things, often in advance. In this way, the child not only knows what to expect, but also understands why it is expected. That’s in stark contrast to some of the other parenting models that expect blind obedience without explanation.
What About Discipline?
Strong assertions of parental power and harsh discipline are seldom, if ever, used with the authoritative parenting style. If they are used, it would tend to be only as a last resort and most likely only in a ‘danger’ scenario. An example would be shouting at a child to stop them running out into a busy road.
Achievements Are Celebrated
As well as thoughtful guiding of children, their achievements, however small or large, are celebrated. In this way, positive outcomes are used to further encourage children to continue using a good approach and appropriate behaviour.
Key Elements of Authoritative Parenting:
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Likely Outcomes for Children Raised Through Authoritative Parenting
Compared to children raised via other parenting styles, children and adolescents raised through an authoritative parenting approach have very favourable outcomes. This has been backed up by many studies. For starters, they usually perform better academically and are well-motivated to succeed. They are often creative, take the initiative, and are highly curious intellectually. They’re self-reliant and independent, with good self-control and a good awareness of appropriate boundaries. Risk assessment is good. They also tend to be happy, have better mental health, and good emotional regulation. They also have good social skills, are respectful to others, and have a healthy level of self-esteem. They have a healthy level of connection to both friends and parents. Studies also find that children raised by authoritative parents are less likely to go on to misuse drugs or alcohol. It’s a comprehensive suite of benefits.
Are There Any Pitfalls of Authoritative Parenting?
There are few, if any, pitfalls to well-executed authoritative parenting. Perhaps the only consideration relates to the amount of focus, effort, and consistency required on the part of the parents. While such a balance is totally feasible in the most part, perhaps on extra-busy, tiring, or stressful days, one could be forgiven for letting things slip a little.
Final Thoughts
Any parenting style(s) may, of course, require continual adjustment because life seldom travels in a straight, predictable line. For example, when it comes to authoritative parenting, sometimes the balance between warmth and expectations may need to tilt more in one direction than the other. This could be because of a specific scenario. One that involves an urgent safety concern would be a classic example. At other times, however, the balance between the two may tilt back the other way because the situation has changed. In essence, it all comes back to the balance between ‘responsiveness’ and ‘demandingness’ that we discussed earlier. Indeed, it is a fine balance, and it’s not always possible to get it 100% right; parenting is challenging and, at the end of the day, we can only do our best in the circumstances that life throws at us.
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Little Cedars is a weekday childcare nursery in Streatham that’s ‘rated ‘Good’ by Ofsted. In our wonderful home-from-home setting, we provide high-quality childcare for babies and children under five. We’re located in Streatham, near Streatham Common, Streatham Hill, and Streatham Park and may also suit those living nearby in Tooting, Furzedown, Balham, Norbury, and Colliers Wood. Free childcare hours are supported for eligible children aged 9 months to 4 years.
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Authoritative parenting is often seen as a strong, nurturing foundation for early childhood. It’s balanced somewhere between permissive parenting and authoritarian parenting.
Authoritarian parenting is a style that’s highly structured, but low in emotional flexibility. With this parenting style, parents expect blind obedience without question, don’t often explain the reasons for rules, and are highly controlling.
Gentle parenting uses a relationship-led approach that’s rooted in empathy.
Permissive parenting (sometimes also known as ‘indulgent parenting’) utilises a loving and warm approach towards children, but is often under-structured due to a reluctance to enforce rules.
Helicopter parenting means that parents are very involved — sometimes too involved — often micromanaging the child’s every move.
Velcro parenting denotes a strong level of closeness and a slow level of separation — a kind of hyper-involvement.
Uninvolved parenting (also sometimes known as ‘neglectful parenting’) is evidenced by low engagement, a low level of warmth, and limited support for the child.
Except for Safeguarding, the new Report Card will show Ofsted’s evaluation of each of the assessment areas as one of the following:
Sleepless nights are something most parents expect when a new baby arrives. But sometimes those broken nights can stretch on for months, through into toddlerhood, or even beyond. For affected families, bedtime can become a battle every night, and soon the exhaustion can build up and take its toll. 
A sleep consultant works with families to understand a child’s sleep patterns and suggest gentle, practical ways to improve things. They spend time learning about a child’s routine, feeding habits, daily schedule, and sleep environment before creating an improvement plan that feels realistic for the child’s family. The idea isn’t about handing parents a rigid set of rules, but about working together to find an approach that feels the most suitable and fits in with the family’s values.
Working with a sleep consultant often begins with a thorough conversation about your child’s routine — what time they go to bed, how they fall asleep, how they feed, and what happens during the night. From there, the consultant will create a personalised plan that involves tailored changes. These might be small adjustments, such as introducing a calmer wind-down before bed, or they could involve gradually teaching your child to settle with less help. It may also include strategies for how you respond when your child wakes in the night.
Costs for hiring a sleep consultant vary. Depending on the consultant contacted, a one-off initial consultation can often be an affordable first step — and one that will allow families to explore the potential of proceeding with a full plan. However, a full package with several weeks of guidance can often be several hundred pounds. In-home, overnight support is potentially at an even higher end of the scale — but, again, it varies from consultant to consultant. Many families find that online or phone-based support from a sleep consultant is more affordable, and sometimes just as effective.
At Little Cedars Nursery, we understand that sleep — or the lack of it — has a huge impact on family life. Sleep consultants may not be a quick fix, but for families who are reaching their limit, they can offer a real lifeline. Success usually comes from finding someone whose approach aligns with your parenting style, sticking with the plan for long enough to see improvements, and feeling supported along the way.
Tantrums are a common part of life with toddlers and under-fives, but when they happen, they can be very challenging! Whether it’s a meltdown at dinner time or a dramatic on-the-floor outburst in the middle of the supermarket aisle, they can test even the most patient of parents and carers. However, it’s important to understand that tantrums aren’t a sign that something is wrong — they’re actually a normal, healthy stage of child development.
In their early years, children are still learning how to manage big emotions. There’s a mismatch, though; their brains are developing rapidly, but they haven’t yet mastered language, impulse control, or emotional regulation. So, when they’re tired, hungry, overstimulated, or frustrated, it can all become too much for them. 
When a tantrum starts, staying calm yourself is key. Your child will take emotional cues from you, their trusted adult. If you can remain steady, even if you’re feeling flustered inside, you send the message that you’re in control—and that they’re safe.
Avoid reasoning or explaining too much during a tantrum. When a child is overwhelmed, they’re unlikely to take much in. It’s often best to wait it out and stay close so they know they’re not alone. For some children, a gentle touch or hug might be helpful. Others may need a bit of space before they’re ready for comfort.
Offering limited choices — like “Would you like to wear the red jumper or the blue one?” — can also give them a sense of control without overwhelming them.
Work at least 16 hours or more per week at the National Minimum Wage
National Children’s Gardening Week is a wonderful annual event that’s designed to inspire children’s curiosity around growing plants and gardening-related activities. It takes place during what is typically a warm period of the year. That’s important because it means seeds and plants will grow faster and need minimal protective measures from inclement weather. Speedy growing results will appeal to little ones!
National Children’s Gardening Week coincides perfectly with the Spring Bank Holiday and May half-term school holiday, taking place from the 24th of May to the 1st of June 2025. It’s usually a lovely warm week and is perfect timing for children to make the most of the event and to maximise the many benefits of spending time around nature.
National Children’s Gardening Week also raises money to support children in hospices through the national charity Greenfingers. They create inspiring gardens and beautiful outdoor spaces where hospice children with life-limiting conditions can play, rest, relax, and spend time with family and friends. Such outdoor spaces allow affected children to spend quality time away from the bedside in well-designed outdoor areas where they can enjoy all the benefits of fresh air and a natural environment.
Children and families can take part at home as well as in participating schools, childcare settings, community groups, ‘outdoorsy’ retail outlets and even some National Trust properties.
Sowing Wildflower Seeds
Herbs and some vegetables can be grown from seeds, cultivated, and harvested from simple flowerpots or yoghurt pots. They can also be ‘re-grown’ through various devious means that will fascinate children including under-fives. We wrote a whole post about that too, so take a look — it’s quite ingenious, is incredibly educational, and results in free food! What’s more, it can be done indoors. 
Another ‘indoor gardening’ activity is growing these comical ‘egg heads’. Grown simply from cress seeds, they can be grown in egg shells as shown, or another alternative would be yoghurt pots. When the cress is ready to be harvested and used in salads or as a garnish, the little characters can have a haircut! 
Another activity that children can get involved in for National Children’s Gardening Week is to create bee-friendly gardens. Our recent post about World Bee Day explains how to make a bee oasis (from where bees and pollinators can get a refreshing drink) and a bee-friendly garden. 
Plants love compost and so do minibeasts. So, another wonderful activity for children in National Children’s Gardening Week is to make homemade compost. Our dedicated
Once the flowers are blooming outside, children can experiment with pressing flowers. Pressed flowers are a wonderful way for children to save flowers semi-permanently as keepsakes or to use as part of an art activity.
The youngest children will love this activity! Children will need some scavenged moss, pebbles, sticks, seashells and perhaps small pieces of driftwood from a beach. Children can then use these to transform the soil in a large pot or on top of a log into 
With all the food and feasting associated with Christmas, it got us thinking about food hygiene and safety for children. Aside from keeping alert to possible allergens, parents need to be careful to ensure families remain safe from illnesses caused by food hygiene mishaps. After all, such illnesses can be particularly dangerous to little ones, who are fragile, but can be largely avoidable when good hygiene measures are taken. With that in mind, today’s post outlines various ways in which parents can stay on top of hygiene around the preparation of food for their children. And, of course, such measures will keep adults safer too.
Ensuring the food preparation environment is clean and hygienic will reduce the chance of microbes, including germs and viruses, contaminating food. Wiping down with warm, soapy, water on clean dish cloths is ideal for many such tasks. Anti-bacterial sprays are useful but should not be allowed to contaminate food, plates and cutlery etc. directly or indirectly.
Only feed children, especially babies and under-fives, age-appropriate food/meals. This is very important because many foods contain too much salt, sugar and saturated fats for young children. Some other foods can contain dangerous levels of toxins or even heavy metals. 
Always thoroughly wash vegetables, fruit and salads and, when appropriate, peel vegetables before use.
It’s hugely beneficial if children learn about food safety and proper hygiene associated with its preparation. Such things are useful life lessons and will help to keep them more safe and free of illnesses and nasty bugs. Teach them by example whenever possible. A great start is to encourage them to thoroughly wash their hands and fingers with warm, soapy water before preparing or eating food. They should also be encouraged to sit down at the table and be in a calm state before eating. This will help to better ensure food does not become contaminated or knocked onto a dirty floor. It will also reduce the chance of the child choking on food.