Parenting can feel overwhelming at times, especially in the early years when babies, toddlers and preschoolers are growing and changing rapidly. So, it’s natural for parents to self-reflect and ask themselves whether their particular parenting approach is the most appropriate for their child. Are they getting it right? Do they intervene too much, are boundaries too vague, is discipline too lenient, or are they too strict? It’s often difficult to know what’s best. Moreover, what exactly are the differences between gentle parenting, permissive parenting, authoritative parenting and the many other parenting styles? It can be confusing!
In light of such conundrums, today’s guide helps to briefly explain many of the different parenting styles that you may have heard of or read about. These are broad parenting styles that have, over time, been identified by researchers, early years professionals, social media, and the press. They aren’t labels to judge parents by, but helpful ways of understanding how adults can balance warmth, boundaries, involvement and independence to varying degrees. Each combination will affect a child — and outcomes — in different ways. What’s more, your family situation, the child’s age, the stage of their development, and other factors may all play a part in deciding which could be the best fit. Take a look and see which style(s) may be the most appropriate for you and your child.
Authoritative parenting
Authoritative parenting is often seen as a strong, nurturing foundation for early childhood. It’s balanced somewhere between permissive parenting and authoritarian parenting.
With the authoritative parenting style, parents set age-appropriate rules, while children are encouraged to express their feelings and opinions. Parents remain calm, confident leaders and reason with their children. Such an approach can be particularly reassuring for toddlers and preschoolers, who need adults to set safe limits while they learn to better understand the world around them.
Benefits: Children raised with this approach often develop strong self-esteem, emotional regulation, and resilience. They tend to feel secure, understood, and confident in exploring the world. Evidence also suggests that they are higher academic achievers.
Challenges: This style requires time, emotional energy and consistency on the part of the parent, which can sometimes be difficult, for example, during periods of stress or exhaustion.
It’s important not to confuse Authoritative parenting with Authoritarian parenting, which we’ll come to next.
Authoritarian parenting
Authoritarian parenting is a style that’s highly structured, but low in emotional flexibility. With this parenting style, parents expect blind obedience without question, don’t often explain the reasons for rules, and are highly controlling.
Benefits: Children may learn discipline and clear rules quickly.
Challenges: This approach can limit emotional expression, independence and confidence. Some children may comply outwardly while struggling internally, for example, with anxiety and low self-esteem.
Gentle parenting
Gentle parenting uses a relationship-led approach that’s rooted in empathy.
Boundaries still exist, but they are maintained calmly and without punishment. This can be especially helpful in the early years, when babies and toddlers are learning to understand big emotions that they can’t yet control.
Benefits: Gentle parenting supports emotional intelligence, secure attachment and trust. With this approach, children learn that their feelings are valid and manageable, whilst being offered age-appropriate choices within clear boundaries set by parents.
Challenges: If boundaries are allowed to become unclear or inconsistently maintained, gentle parenting can be confusing to the child, or unintentionally drift towards permissive parenting.
Permissive parenting
Permissive parenting (sometimes also known as ‘indulgent parenting’) utilises a loving and warm approach towards children, but is often under-structured due to a reluctance to enforce rules.
The intention is usually to protect the relationship and prioritise happiness, especially during emotionally intense toddler or preschool years. However, this comes at the expense of both structure and consistency, which are limited.
Benefits: Children may feel emotionally supported, have high self-esteem, and feel free to express themselves. They are often also quite resourceful.
Challenges: A lack of clear boundaries can make it harder for children to develop self-regulation. They can therefore become less responsible and lack self-discipline. Limits would otherwise help children feel safe and better understand expectations. Studies have even shown a correlation between a permissive upbringing and sleep problems, as well as somewhat lower levels of academic performance.
Helicopter parenting
Helicopter parenting means that parents are very involved — sometimes too involved — often micromanaging the child’s every move.
Over-intervention (or ‘over-parenting’) can limit opportunities for problem-solving, independence and resilience in children. In early years settings, children benefit from trying things for themselves and learning through trial and error — with a trusted adult close by to offer guidance if needed, rather than stepping in immediately.
Benefits: Children may feel well-supported and protected.
Challenges: Over-involvement can reduce resilience, independence, problem-solving abilities, and confidence, having reduced opportunities for the child to learn from mistakes. It has also been linked to a feeling of entitlement when children are older, anxiety, depression, and more.
Velcro parenting
Velcro parenting denotes a strong level of closeness and a slow level of separation — a kind of hyper-involvement.
With velcro parenting, the parent seems closely attached to the child in every way — physically, emotionally, socially, and so on. They will shadow their child’s activities and experiences, getting closely involved at every step.
Benefits: Children may feel deeply connected, nurtured, understood, and emotionally secure in their parents’ presence.
Challenges: This style can unintentionally increase separation anxiety and make transitions harder, particularly when babies grow into toddlers and begin nursery or preschool. Independence and resilience may develop more slowly. Parents may also be adversely affected by this parenting style, particularly if the child has, in turn, become a ‘velcro child’ or baby, leading to separation anxiety.
Uninvolved parenting
Uninvolved parenting (also sometimes known as ‘neglectful parenting’) is evidenced by low engagement, a low level of warmth, and limited support for the child.
This parenting style is sometimes linked to external pressures, stress, or a lack of support. It’s important to note that families that it applies to may need understanding and help, rather than judgement.
Benefits: It seems counterintuitive, as a parent, to think of any benefits of uninvolved parenting for a child. That said, children affected may develop independence, self-reliance and problem-solving skills — purely out of necessity.
Challenges: Children may struggle with emotional security, attachment, behaviour and self-worth due to a lack of parental warmth, support, and consistent boundaries.
Is there a ‘best’ parenting style for young children?
Research consistently suggests that approaches combining warmth, responsiveness and clear boundaries — such as authoritative and well-applied gentle parenting — best support children’s emotional wellbeing and long-term development, particularly in the crucial early years from birth to five.
At Little Cedars Day Nursery, we work in partnership with families, recognising that parenting — especially in the baby, toddler and preschool years — is a journey. By understanding these different styles, parents can make informed, confident choices that support their child’s growth, both at home and in early years settings. We may publish more comprehensive information about each individual style in future blog posts, so do come back to our blog area regularly — new articles are added at least twice every month.
Weekday Childcare at Little Cedars Day Nursery, Streatham
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Childhood passes so quickly — a blur of breakfast times, nursery drop-offs, and bedtime stories. Yet every so often, something extraordinary happens: a moment that will light up a child’s eyes and linger in their memory for years to come. These are the magical moments that they never forget. They’re also moments that help shape how children see the world, their place within it — and sometimes even themselves.
Psychologists tell us that children build their sense of self through experiences that stir strong, positive emotions — especially awe, wonder, joy, and belonging. These feelings act as emotional anchors, shaping how safe, capable, and loved a child feels. When parents or caregivers create a moment that makes a child’s heart race or eyes widen with joy or wonder, they’re not just giving them a fun memory — they’re helping to build emotional security that lasts well into adulthood.
Magical childhood memories do not require grand holidays or costly toys. They’re far more likely to spring from connection, surprise, wonder, and imagination.
On a clear night, gently wake your child and wrap them in a blanket to watch a meteor shower or count shooting stars. Tell them about the Northern Lights, how they can wish on a star, how astronauts are planning to travel vast distances to Mars, and give them inspiration for their dreams. The quiet awe of the night sky will stay with them forever.
Leave a tiny note or drawing from the “garden fairies” or “forest pixies” thanking your child for something kind they’ve done — perhaps watering houseplants or helping a friend or sibling. It’s a simple act that blends imagination with a message of kindness and care. Perhaps take it a step further and encourage little ones to make mossy beds for the fairies, and a little home-made miniature shelter for them to sleep in. Take photos of them as a memento for your child.
Create small rituals that return every year — picking flowers in springtime to display around the home, having a “summer-solstice supper” in the garden, or putting out biscuits and carrots on Christmas Eve for Santa’s reindeer — be sure to show your little one how the carrots have been nibbled on Christmas morning! Such traditions will give children a comforting rhythm and a sense that life’s changes can be filled with fun and joy.
Pause for half an hour to watch the sunrise or sunset together, make wishes while blowing dandelion seeds into the breeze, or follow a butterfly in the park to see where it leads. These small acts teach children that magic is woven through the everyday world — they just have to stop a while and notice it sometimes.
As adults, those memories often become emotional landmarks: the glow of torchlight in a tent, the spectacle of a meteor streaking across the sky, the distinctive smell of campfire food being carried on the wind, and telling stories beneath a blanket. Such recollections help shape optimism and emotional well-being long after childhood ends. They are also the moments that, years later, children will recall fondly and still talk about.
Sleepless nights are something most parents expect when a new baby arrives. But sometimes those broken nights can stretch on for months, through into toddlerhood, or even beyond. For affected families, bedtime can become a battle every night, and soon the exhaustion can build up and take its toll. 
A sleep consultant works with families to understand a child’s sleep patterns and suggest gentle, practical ways to improve things. They spend time learning about a child’s routine, feeding habits, daily schedule, and sleep environment before creating an improvement plan that feels realistic for the child’s family. The idea isn’t about handing parents a rigid set of rules, but about working together to find an approach that feels the most suitable and fits in with the family’s values.
Working with a sleep consultant often begins with a thorough conversation about your child’s routine — what time they go to bed, how they fall asleep, how they feed, and what happens during the night. From there, the consultant will create a personalised plan that involves tailored changes. These might be small adjustments, such as introducing a calmer wind-down before bed, or they could involve gradually teaching your child to settle with less help. It may also include strategies for how you respond when your child wakes in the night.
Costs for hiring a sleep consultant vary. Depending on the consultant contacted, a one-off initial consultation can often be an affordable first step — and one that will allow families to explore the potential of proceeding with a full plan. However, a full package with several weeks of guidance can often be several hundred pounds. In-home, overnight support is potentially at an even higher end of the scale — but, again, it varies from consultant to consultant. Many families find that online or phone-based support from a sleep consultant is more affordable, and sometimes just as effective.
At Little Cedars Nursery, we understand that sleep — or the lack of it — has a huge impact on family life. Sleep consultants may not be a quick fix, but for families who are reaching their limit, they can offer a real lifeline. Success usually comes from finding someone whose approach aligns with your parenting style, sticking with the plan for long enough to see improvements, and feeling supported along the way.
Tantrums are a common part of life with toddlers and under-fives, but when they happen, they can be very challenging! Whether it’s a meltdown at dinner time or a dramatic on-the-floor outburst in the middle of the supermarket aisle, they can test even the most patient of parents and carers. However, it’s important to understand that tantrums aren’t a sign that something is wrong — they’re actually a normal, healthy stage of child development.
In their early years, children are still learning how to manage big emotions. There’s a mismatch, though; their brains are developing rapidly, but they haven’t yet mastered language, impulse control, or emotional regulation. So, when they’re tired, hungry, overstimulated, or frustrated, it can all become too much for them. 
When a tantrum starts, staying calm yourself is key. Your child will take emotional cues from you, their trusted adult. If you can remain steady, even if you’re feeling flustered inside, you send the message that you’re in control—and that they’re safe.
Avoid reasoning or explaining too much during a tantrum. When a child is overwhelmed, they’re unlikely to take much in. It’s often best to wait it out and stay close so they know they’re not alone. For some children, a gentle touch or hug might be helpful. Others may need a bit of space before they’re ready for comfort.
Offering limited choices — like “Would you like to wear the red jumper or the blue one?” — can also give them a sense of control without overwhelming them.
In today’s world, electronic screens are everywhere — from TVs and smartphones to tablets and games consoles. Even our youngest children are growing up in increasingly digital environments. While technology brings many conveniences, intentionally unplugging can offer profound benefits for little ones and their families. Whether it’s for a day, a weekend, a holiday, or even longer, the value gained from a ‘digital detox’ may surprise even the most dubious amongst us. Today’s post investigates.
Research consistently shows the positive effects of stepping away from our screens. Studies report that a digital detox can lead to decreased stress and anxiety, improved mood and well-being, and even better physical health through healthier, less sedentary, lifestyles. Pausing the use of electronic screens can even help reset our perception of time, making days feel longer, fuller, and more engaged.
When families go screen-free, the benefits extend well beyond the individual. Removing screens often rekindles face-to-face interactions and facilitates more laughter and unfiltered conversations within the family. Parents who’ve tried it report a renewed sense of connection and deeper engagement with their children. Even short periods of unplugging can turn into lasting changes—more shared stories, more creative play, and more real presence.
Better sleep for everyone with children tending to drop off more easily and adults feeling more rested.
Begin by designating screen-free boundaries, such as bedrooms or mealtimes, and/or set a daily screen-free hour in the evening.
The evidence clearly shows: families who have periods free of electronic screens will benefit. A digital detox enriches and elongates days. It enhances sleep quality for children and adults by facilitating their natural rhythms. Days feel more spacious and calm without digital distractions and imaginative play soon steps in and thrives. In the absence of screens, children are also likely to get outdoors more often — and benefit from everything nature and outdoor play have to offer. Mental health and even academic grades are also likely to improve when this happens.
At first glance, this devotion to a single story might seem puzzling. As adults, we crave novelty and variation, and it’s tempting to encourage children to explore new titles or gently steer them towards something ‘different’. But this desire for repetition is not only entirely normal for infants, toddlers and preschoolers — it’s actually a sign of healthy development. In fact, there’s a great deal happening beneath the surface every time your child requests a beloved book for the umpteenth time.
There is also an emotional component to repeated reading. When a child hears a favourite story in the voice of a parent or trusted adult, it creates a strong sense of connection. The warmth, tone and rhythm of familiar words spoken by someone they love reinforce a feeling of safety and belonging. For many children, this shared experience becomes part of their routine, and returning to a much-loved story can offer comfort in moments of transition, tiredness or uncertainty.
One of the clearest benefits of repeated reading is vocabulary development. Hearing the same words and phrases over time helps children internalise them. This is especially important when books introduce new or more complex language than a child might hear in everyday conversation. By encountering those words again and again in a familiar context, children begin to understand them more deeply and even start to use them in their own speech. The rhythm and rhyme found in many favourite books further support this by making the language more memorable and easier to imitate.
At home, parents or carers can support this by continuing to follow a child’s lead. If your child keeps choosing the same book, that’s a good thing — it means they’re connecting with it. You can enhance the experience by reading with enthusiasm, pausing to let your child fill in familiar lines, or asking gentle questions like “What happens next?” or “How do you think they feel here?” If your child wants to tell you the story instead, even better — this kind of role reversal strengthens memory, language, and storytelling abilities.
Eventually, children do move on. When they’ve had their fill of a particular book, they’re often ready to explore new stories with a richer set of skills in place. The comfort and confidence gained from repeated readings help them approach unfamiliar books with greater interest and less frustration. So rather than seeing repetition as a rut, it’s helpful to view it as a bridge — a way for children to move steadily from the familiar to the new.
Our practitioners are skilled at making repeated reading feel fresh and interactive, even when the story is already very familiar. By using expressive voices, gestures, and encouraging children to join in with key words or sounds, we help bring the story to life each time. Children are often invited to take on the role of storyteller themselves, turning pages, pointing to pictures, and even “reading” aloud from memory. These small but powerful moments help build confidence and strengthen communication skills in a way that feels natural and joyful.
Concepts involving numbers and counting can sometimes be tricky for some preschoolers to grasp. Making sense of such concepts is important, though, because many aspects of children’s day-to-day lives will require an increasing understanding of numbers as time passes. Whether it’s knowing if a quantity of something is more or less than something else, how much of an ingredient is required in a mixture, or what change to expect from a purchase, children will need to grasp number-based concepts — and understand their real-world applications. What’s more, they’ll need to do this sooner rather than later if they’re to thrive, not least when they leave early years settings to begin school.
Making ‘number cards’ with your child will be a fun and useful first step. These could be as simple as small pieces of paper or card, each having a single large number written clearly on them. Alternatively, your child could take the opportunity to get more creative. For example, you and your child could make the numbers bright and colourful, have patterned in-fills, or even be made to look like animals or number ‘characters’ that have eyes. For the very young, start with numbers up to 5, or go to 10 or even 20 for older and more advanced children. Size-wise, perhaps aim for cards sized at about A6 (a quarter of an A4 sheet) or even A7 (A4 divided into 8).
A more advanced form of the number cards could depict the correct number of dots (or other drawn objects) instead of — or as well as — the actual written number. So, for example, the ‘3’ card could show a column or row of 3 round dots or squares or even something like 3 drawn strawberries — whatever your child likes! In a way, it’s a bit like traditional playing cards where each has both a number and the right amount of hearts, diamonds, clubs or spades on it, to match the number.
This next game will require a set of dominoes or, if you don’t have a set, they’re also easy enough to make in a similar way to the number cards. As you may know, each half of every domino has a number of dots, most commonly from 1 to 6. So, for example, there might be two dots on one end and five on the other, with the dot formations being rather like those you’d see on dice.
Understanding whether a quantity of something is more or less than something else is an important concept for children to grasp. Similarly, being able to estimate a quantity is a useful and practical skill for little ones to master. Such concepts can easily be highlighted, and the skills mastered, using simple estimating games. Some examples follow.
Pretending to be a shopkeeper or a shopper buying from one is a great next step for children. What’s more, they’ll naturally love playing shops having, no doubt, accompanied parents to real shops. This is where they can put all the things they’ve learned from the games above into practice. They can check they have the right quantities, weights or volumes or products, check they’re giving the shopkeeper the right amount of money, ensure that any change is correct — and so on! Playing shops is such a great way to master numbers, counting, estimating, weighing, addition, subtraction and more!
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